Introduction to Rhetorical Purpose Questions in TOEFL Reading

Rhetorical purpose questions are a common type of question found in the TOEFL reading section. Here, "rhetorical" does not refer to rhetorical devices but rather focuses on the role of specific paragraphs within the article, such as summarizing, answering questions, refuting, or explaining details. The term "purpose" assesses your understanding of the structure of the article, which typically consists of a main idea + supporting details.

Typically, these questions appear as follows: “Why does the author mention...”. It’s important to note that "why" does not indicate looking for an answer based on "because" in the text. Instead, you should adopt a mindset where the detail in the question serves to support the main idea presented earlier. Thus, look for the main idea located prior to the detail mentioned in the question (and be careful to avoid other details that may also support the main idea).

Examples and Explanation of Rhetorical Purpose Questions

Example 1:

The fins are stiff, smooth, and narrow, qualities that also help cut drag. When not in use, the fins are tucked into special grooves or depressions so that they lie flush with the body and do not break up its smooth contours. Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight for the same reason.

1. Why does the author mention that airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight?

A. To show that air resistance and water resistance work differently from each other.

B. To argue that some fishes are better designed than airplanes are.

In this question, the mention of "landing gear" helps locate the relevant information, indicating that the answer can be found before this detail. The author uses "airplanes" as an analogy to illustrate the function of fins, inspired by how "fins are tucked into the grooves or depressions" (the fins of fish). Options C and D both discuss design, but option C refers to "airplane engine," which is not mentioned in the text, making it incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

Example 2:

2. Why does the author mention “comedy”?

A. To give an example of early types of theater.

B. To explain how theater helps a society respond to threats to its welfare.

C. To help explain why detachment is needed for the development of theater.

D. To show how theatrical performers become detached from other members of society.

In this case, although "comedy" seems trivial, it appears in a sentence beginning with "for example," indicating a clear example relationship. Thus, the answer can be found by identifying the main idea supported by this example. The first sentence negates two viewpoints with "neither," while the subsequent sentence introduces "therefore," transitioning to the third sentence that presents the viewpoint of "detached view." Consequently, option A lacks any mention of "detached," leading to its elimination. Option B references "welfare," which is irrelevant. Therefore, options C and D mention "detach," but D's reference to "other members" is not included in the text. Hence, the correct answer is C.

Rhetorical purpose questions are among the easiest to score well on in TOEFL reading, making accuracy crucial. We hope this article brings you valuable insights and strategies.

托福閱讀修辭目的題解析 ??

在托?？荚囍?，閱讀部分是一個(gè)重要的組成部分，其中的修辭目的題（Rhetorical Purpose Questions）常常讓考生感到困惑,。這類題目要求考生理解作者在特定段落或句子中的意圖,，通常涉及作者想要傳達(dá)的信息、情感或觀點(diǎn),。為了幫助大家更好地應(yīng)對(duì)這類題目,，本文將分享一些實(shí)用的技巧和示例。

1. 理解修辭目的題的類型 ??

修辭目的題通常會(huì)以“Why does the author…”或者“What is the purpose of the…”來(lái)提問(wèn),?？忌枰屑?xì)閱讀相關(guān)段落，思考作者的意圖,。常見(jiàn)的目的包括：

• 提供信息：作者可能在解釋某個(gè)概念或現(xiàn)象,。
• 表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)：作者可能在闡述自己的看法或態(tài)度。
• 引導(dǎo)討論：作者可能在提出問(wèn)題或挑戰(zhàn)傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn),。
• 激勵(lì)行動(dòng)：作者可能在呼吁讀者采取某種行動(dòng),。

2. 練習(xí)分析段落 ??

在做托福閱讀練習(xí)時(shí)，可以選擇一些段落進(jìn)行分析,。例如,，假設(shè)有以下段落：

“The rapid increase in urban population has led to significant challenges in infrastructure and services. Cities must adapt to these changes to ensure sustainable growth.”

針對(duì)這個(gè)段落，如果題目是：“What is the purpose of the second sentence?”,，考生需要考慮作者的意圖,。答案可能是：To emphasize the need for adaptation in urban planning. 通過(guò)這樣的練習(xí)，可以提高對(duì)修辭目的的敏感度,。

3. 注意上下文 ??

在回答修辭目的題時(shí),，上下文非常重要?？忌枰Y(jié)合整篇文章的主題和結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)理解作者的意圖,。例如，如果一篇文章討論環(huán)境保護(hù),，某個(gè)段落提到“individual actions can lead to significant change”,，那么其目的可能是強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人在環(huán)保中的角色。

4. 識(shí)別關(guān)鍵詞 ??

在閱讀時(shí),，注意段落中的關(guān)鍵詞和轉(zhuǎn)折詞（如“however”,、“in addition”、“for example”等）,。這些詞往往能幫助考生理解作者的意圖,。例如，使用“however”可能表示作者要提出不同的觀點(diǎn)，而“in addition”則可能表示補(bǔ)充信息,。

5. 多做模擬題 ??

通過(guò)做模擬題,，考生可以熟悉修辭目的題的出題方式和常見(jiàn)陷阱?？梢詤⒖家恍┩懈淇紩蛘咴诰€資源，尋找相關(guān)的練習(xí)題,。以下是一個(gè)示例題目：

“In the passage, what is the primary purpose of the statement ‘The results of the study indicate a need for further research’?”

參考答案可能是：To suggest that the current findings are not conclusive and more investigation is required. 通過(guò)這種方式,，考生可以逐漸掌握解題技巧。

6. 及時(shí)反饋與總結(jié) ??

在完成練習(xí)后,，及時(shí)檢查自己的答案,，并分析錯(cuò)誤原因。了解哪些類型的修辭目的容易混淆,，哪些段落的理解存在問(wèn)題,。這樣可以在后續(xù)的學(xué)習(xí)中有針對(duì)性地改進(jìn)。

總之,，修辭目的題是托福閱讀中不可忽視的一部分,。通過(guò)理解題型、分析段落,、注意上下文,、識(shí)別關(guān)鍵詞以及多做練習(xí)，考生可以有效提升自己的解題能力,。在備考過(guò)程中,，保持耐心和恒心，相信自己能夠在托福閱讀中取得理想的成績(jī),！??

對(duì)于許多托?？忌鷣?lái)說(shuō)，閱讀部分往往是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的部分之一,。為了幫助大家更好地理解和應(yīng)對(duì)托福閱讀中的易錯(cuò)題型,，以下是一些常見(jiàn)的題型總結(jié)，以及應(yīng)對(duì)這些題型的策略和技巧,。??

1. 主旨大意題

在托福閱讀中,，主旨大意題通常要求考生找出整篇文章的主要思想或主題。這類題目常常以“Which of the following best describes...?”開(kāi)頭,?？忌枰⒁馕恼碌拈_(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾段落，因?yàn)樗鼈兺ǔ０髡叩挠^點(diǎn)和文章的核心思想,。??

2. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題

細(xì)節(jié)理解題是托福閱讀中最常見(jiàn)的題型之一,。這類題目會(huì)詢問(wèn)關(guān)于文章某個(gè)具體信息的問(wèn)題，例如“According to the passage, what is...?”考生需要仔細(xì)閱讀相關(guān)段落，并注意關(guān)鍵詞和短語(yǔ),，以便找到正確答案,。記得要回到文章中查找，而不是依賴自己的記憶,。??

3. 推理判斷題

推理判斷題要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理,。這類題目通常以“It can be inferred that...”開(kāi)頭?？忌枰斫庾髡叩囊鈭D和文章的隱含意義,，而不僅僅是表面信息。建議在閱讀時(shí)關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)折詞和因果關(guān)系,，這將有助于理解深層含義,。??

4. 詞匯題

詞匯題通常要求考生根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)某個(gè)單詞的意思。這類題目可能會(huì)以“Which of the following is closest in meaning to...?”的形式出現(xiàn),?？忌梢酝ㄟ^(guò)分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和上下文線索來(lái)推測(cè)單詞的含義。例如,，詞匯題可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)這樣的句子：“The results were significant, indicating a strong correlation.” 在這種情況下,，考生需要理解“significant”在句子中的用法。??

5. 結(jié)構(gòu)與組織題

這類題目關(guān)注文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和組織方式,，通常會(huì)詢問(wèn)某段落在文章中的作用,。例如，“What is the purpose of the third paragraph?” 考生需要了解各段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系以及如何支持文章的主旨,。建議在閱讀時(shí)做一些簡(jiǎn)單的筆記,，以便更好地把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)。???

6. 比較與對(duì)比題

比較與對(duì)比題要求考生分析文章中不同觀點(diǎn)或概念之間的關(guān)系,。這類題目可能會(huì)問(wèn)到“How does the author compare...?”考生需要仔細(xì)閱讀相關(guān)段落,，理解不同觀點(diǎn)之間的相似性和差異性。??

7. 作者態(tài)度題

作者態(tài)度題要求考生判斷作者對(duì)某一主題的態(tài)度,。這類題目通常以“Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards...?”開(kāi)頭,。考生需要關(guān)注文章中的情感詞匯和語(yǔ)氣,，以幫助判斷作者的態(tài)度,。??

在備考托福閱讀時(shí)，考生可以通過(guò)做模擬題和真題來(lái)熟悉各種題型,，并提高解題能力,。建議在每次練習(xí)后，認(rèn)真分析錯(cuò)誤題目的原因,，總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),。此外，合理安排時(shí)間也是非常重要的，確保在考試時(shí)能夠有效分配給每篇文章的時(shí)間,。?

希望以上的總結(jié)能幫助大家在托福閱讀中取得更好的成績(jī),！加油！??

對(duì)于許多托?？忌?，閱讀部分往往是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。通過(guò)掌握一些解題技巧,，可以幫助你更有效地應(yīng)對(duì)閱讀理解的題目,。以下是一些實(shí)用的建議和技巧，希望能為你的備考提供幫助,！??

1. 理解題型

托福閱讀包含多種題型，包括：

• Main Idea Questions - 詢問(wèn)文章的主要觀點(diǎn),。
• Detail Questions - 要求你找出文章中的具體細(xì)節(jié),。
• Inference Questions - 需要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推斷。
• Vocabulary Questions - 考查你對(duì)特定單詞的理解,。

了解每種題型的特點(diǎn),，有助于你在做題時(shí)快速定位信息。??

2. 精讀與略讀

在備考過(guò)程中,，精讀和略讀都是重要的技能,。精讀可以幫助你掌握文章的細(xì)節(jié)，而略讀則能幫助你快速獲取文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)和主要觀點(diǎn),。

在考試中,，可以先略讀一遍文章，抓住大意,，再針對(duì)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行精讀,。這種方法可以提高你的閱讀效率。?

3. 做筆記

在閱讀時(shí),，建議在紙上做簡(jiǎn)短的筆記,，記錄下每段的主題句和關(guān)鍵細(xì)節(jié)。這不僅可以幫助你更好地理解文章,，還能在回答問(wèn)題時(shí)迅速回憶起相關(guān)信息,。??

4. 關(guān)注連接詞

連接詞在文章中起著重要的作用，它們可以幫助你理解句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系,。例如：

• However - 表示轉(zhuǎn)折,。
• Furthermore - 表示添加信息。
• In contrast - 表示對(duì)比,。

通過(guò)識(shí)別這些連接詞,，你可以更清晰地把握作者的意圖和文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。??

5. 模擬練習(xí)

在備考期間，進(jìn)行模擬測(cè)試是非常重要的,。通過(guò)模擬真實(shí)考試環(huán)境,，你可以熟悉考試的節(jié)奏和時(shí)間管理。此外,，分析錯(cuò)題也是很有幫助的,，找出自己的弱點(diǎn)并加以改進(jìn)。??

6. 詞匯積累

托福閱讀中常見(jiàn)的詞匯可能會(huì)影響你的理解能力,，因此,，詞匯的積累是必不可少的。每天花一定的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)新單詞,，并嘗試在上下文中使用它們,。可以使用詞匯卡片或手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序來(lái)幫助記憶,。??

7. 參考范文

在備考過(guò)程中,，閱讀一些高分考生的范文也是一種有效的方法。以下是一段可能的閱讀文本示例：

根據(jù)這段文本,，你可能會(huì)遇到以下問(wèn)題：

通過(guò)以上的技巧和建議,，相信你能夠更好地準(zhǔn)備托福閱讀部分。保持積極的心態(tài),，持續(xù)努力,，相信你會(huì)取得滿意的成績(jī)！??