在托福備考過程中,，掌握生物學(xué)相關(guān)詞匯是非常重要的。本文將為考生提供一系列基本的生物學(xué)詞匯,，幫助大家提高詞匯量和理解能力,，以便在考試中更好地應(yīng)對相關(guān)內(nèi)容。

Antibody - 抗體

Toxin - 毒素

Immunity - 免疫

Immunology - 免疫學(xué)

Vaccine - 疫苗

Fungus - 真菌

Bacteria - 細(xì)菌

Fermentation - 發(fā)酵

Infection - 感染

Microorganism/Microbe - 微生物

Virus - 病毒

Disinfection - 消毒

Sterilization - 滅菌

以上這些生物學(xué)詞匯對于托?？荚囍械南嚓P(guān)題目至關(guān)重要,。考生們可以通過閱讀相關(guān)的托福文章來加深對這些詞匯的理解,，同時也能拓展自己的視野和詞匯量,。希望大家在備考過程中能夠認(rèn)真復(fù)習(xí)，取得優(yōu)異的成績,！

Preparing for the TOEFL can be a challenging yet rewarding experience, especially when it comes to mastering the vocabulary related to biology. This article aims to provide you with essential biological terms that can help you excel in the exam. ??

1. Understanding Key Vocabulary

When studying biology for the TOEFL, it's crucial to familiarize yourself with specific terms that frequently appear in reading passages and listening sections. Here are some fundamental words to get you started:

• Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
• Cellular Respiration: The metabolic processes that convert food into energy within cells.
• Ecosystem: A community of living organisms and their physical environment interacting as a system.
• Biodiversity: The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
• Genetics: The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.

2. Practice with Sample Questions

To effectively prepare for the TOEFL, practicing with sample questions is vital. Here’s an example of a reading comprehension question you might encounter:

Reading Passage: "The Amazon Rainforest is home to millions of species, making it one of the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth."

Question: What does the term "biodiverse" imply in the context of the Amazon Rainforest?

Reference Answer: It implies that the Amazon Rainforest contains a wide variety of species.

3. Listening Practice

Listening skills are equally important. You might hear a lecture discussing cellular respiration:

Listening Text: "Cellular respiration is essential for converting glucose into ATP, which cells use for energy." ??

Question: What is the primary purpose of cellular respiration?

Reference Answer: To convert glucose into ATP for energy use in cells.

4. New Topics and Predictions

As you prepare, keep an eye on emerging topics in biology that may appear in the TOEFL. For example, discussions around climate change and its impact on ecosystems are becoming increasingly relevant. Be prepared for questions like:

Question: How does climate change affect biodiversity in ecosystems?

Reference Answer: Climate change can lead to habitat loss, altered species interactions, and increased extinction rates, ultimately reducing biodiversity.

5. Tips for Mastering Biological Vocabulary

Here are some effective strategies to enhance your understanding of biological terms:

• Flashcards: Create flashcards with the term on one side and its definition on the other. This method helps reinforce memory retention.
• Contextual Learning: Read scientific articles or watch documentaries to see how these terms are used in context.
• Group Study: Join a study group where you can discuss and quiz each other on biological concepts and vocabulary.

6. Engaging with Practice Tests

Taking full-length practice tests will help you become familiar with the format and timing of the TOEFL. Make sure to review your answers, especially in the reading and listening sections, to identify areas needing improvement.

7. Additional Resources

Utilize online resources, such as educational websites and apps designed for TOEFL preparation. Websites like ETS offer official practice materials that can be beneficial. ??

By focusing on these vocabulary words and employing effective study techniques, you'll be well on your way to achieving a high score in the TOEFL. Remember, consistent practice and engagement with the material are key to success! Good luck! ??

對于每位托?？忌鷣碚f，詞匯的積累是成功的關(guān)鍵之一,。以下是一些有效的備考技巧，幫助你在托?？荚囍刑嵘~匯量和運(yùn)用能力,。??

1. 制定詞匯學(xué)習(xí)計劃

為了有效地記憶單詞，制定一個合理的學(xué)習(xí)計劃至關(guān)重要,。你可以每天設(shè)定一個目標(biāo),，例如學(xué)習(xí)10個新單詞，并在接下來的幾天內(nèi)復(fù)習(xí)這些單詞,。使用flashcards（抽認(rèn)卡）可以幫助你快速回顧,。

2. 利用上下文記憶單詞

僅僅記住單詞的定義是不夠的。嘗試通過上下文來理解單詞的用法,。例如,，閱讀不同類型的文章時，遇到不熟悉的單詞時,，先猜測其意思,，然后查閱相關(guān)資料確認(rèn),。這樣可以加深對單詞的印象。

3. 參加詞匯挑戰(zhàn)

與朋友或同學(xué)一起進(jìn)行詞匯挑戰(zhàn),，可以讓學(xué)習(xí)變得更有趣,。例如，你們可以選擇一個主題,，如“環(huán)境”,，然后輪流說出與該主題相關(guān)的單詞。??

4. 使用在線資源

網(wǎng)絡(luò)上有許多免費(fèi)的詞匯學(xué)習(xí)資源,，例如Quizlet,、Memrise等。這些平臺提供了豐富的詞匯練習(xí)和游戲,，可以幫助你在輕松的氛圍中學(xué)習(xí)新單詞,。??

5. 多做模擬題

在托福考試中,，詞匯的使用涉及聽力,、閱讀、寫作和口語四個部分,。通過做模擬題,，你可以了解考試中常見的詞匯類型和用法。以下是一個模擬題示例：

Reading Passage: “The rapid growth of urban areas has led to increased traffic congestion, which in turn affects the environment. Urban planners are now focusing on sustainable solutions.”

Question: What does the word “congestion” most likely mean in this context?

Answer Choices: A) Clarity B) Overcrowding C) Improvement D) Expansion

Correct Answer: B) Overcrowding

6. 詞根詞綴法

了解詞根和詞綴可以幫助你推測不熟悉單詞的含義,。例如,，“un-”表示否定，像“unhappy”就意味著“不快樂”,。掌握這些基本構(gòu)詞法則會讓你在面對新單詞時更加從容,。

7. 定期復(fù)習(xí)

學(xué)習(xí)新單詞后，定期復(fù)習(xí)是鞏固記憶的關(guān)鍵,。你可以每周安排一次復(fù)習(xí)時間,，回顧上周學(xué)習(xí)的單詞，確保它們不會被遺忘,。???

8. 創(chuàng)造語境

將新學(xué)的單詞應(yīng)用到實際的語境中去,，比如寫日記或者與他人交流。使用新詞匯進(jìn)行討論,，不僅能加深記憶,，還能提高你的語言表達(dá)能力。

9. 保持積極心態(tài)

詞匯學(xué)習(xí)可能會讓人感到沮喪,，但保持積極心態(tài)是非常重要的,。給自己設(shè)定小目標(biāo)并慶祝每一個小成就，這樣可以增強(qiáng)你的自信心和學(xué)習(xí)動力。??

希望這些備考技巧能夠幫助你在托?？荚囍腥〉美硐氲某煽?！祝你好運(yùn)！